Cryogenic Milling “Cryomilling” is an advanced powder processing technique where powder material is submerged in cryogenic liquid and then loaded & processed in a high energy attrition ball mill. Cryomilling has been proven to be one of the best techniques to produce large quantities of nanostructured/nanocrystalline materials which greatly improves the mechanical properties compared to their conventional counterparts. Additionally, the cooling effect can make the grinding process easier and more efficient, as the low temperature makes the material more brittle and less resistant to grinding.In simple terms, cryogenic milling can be thought of as a method for grinding materials into small particles by cooling them first to preserve their properties and make the grinding process easier and more efficient. The powder is processed at -190 C. Cal Nano’s facilities include multiple cryomilling systems designed to safely process materials such as elemental metals, metal matrix composites, intermetallic compounds and more.
Overall Benefits of Cryomilling
Particle size reduction –
Due to being at cryogenic temperature, material will become embrittled which will allow for a much greater ability to break down particle size both at a faster rate and to smaller size. It can reduce polymers and other materials down to the nanoparticle size, which is extremely difficult to do with any other process.
Strength Improvement –
Cal Nano took a commercially available Aluminum aerospace alloy and doubled it's ultimate tensile strength with only cryomiling. No additives and heat treatments were needed for the improved strength.
Moisture/Oxygen/Heat Sensitive materials
Materials remain fully protected by inert cryogenic liquid or gas throughout the cryomilling process. This makes the process perfect for materials sensitive to environmental & high temperature conditions.
High-value Custom Alloys –
Cal Nano has produced high value, custom engineered material alloys of 5 elements or more. We can achieve this safely and in 1/5 the time of standard milling processes.
Real World Applications
- Pharmaceuticals: Production of pharmaceuticals as it can help to reduce particle size and increase the bioavailability of active ingredients.
- Cosmetics: Production of cosmetic powders, such as eyeshadows, blushes, and face powders. This process helps to create fine, uniform particles that provide a smooth and even application.
- Foods: Producing food powders and ingredients, such as spice blends, protein powders, and instant coffee.
- Polymers: Used to make finely ground polymer powders, which can be used in a variety of applications, including 3D printing and as additives in coatings and adhesives.
- Metal powders: Enhancing metal powders for use in a variety of applications, including powder metallurgy and as catalysts in chemical reactions.
Materials cryomilled at Cal Nanp:
- Metals and metallic alloys
- MMCs
- Polymers
- Rubbers
- Organics
- Refractory alloys/ HEAs
High Strength SPS Graphite Tooling
Tungsten Carbide Tooling
Carbon Graphite Foil / Paper
Carbon Felt and Yarn
Spark Plasma Sintering Systems
SPS/FAST Modeling Software
